CT angiography of the lower extremity – legs

CT – computed tomography (CT) is a diagnostic method that uses X-rays to create detailed, three-dimensional images of internal organs and structures. During the scanning process, the patient is placed on a table that moves slowly through a cylindrical machine, through which X-rays pass from multiple angles. A special program then combines the resulting images to create a three-dimensional image of the inside of the body. CT is used in the diagnosis of various health problems, including the detection of tumors, traumatic injuries, blood clots and other conditions. It is important to note that CT uses X-rays, which can represent a certain dose of radiation, so its use must be carefully considered in relation to the benefits and risks.

CT scan of the leg at the Atrijum Sarajevo polyclinic

In the Atrium Polyclinic, CT of the leg is performed on a modern CT scanner Toshiba Aquilion Prime 160 slice. CT of the lower leg on the Toshiba Aquilion 160 slice device has several advantages compared to other CT devices:

• High resolution: Toshiba Aquilion 160 slice has high image resolution.
• Scanning speed: Thanks to the large number of detectors (in this case 160 slices), scanning is faster than on devices with fewer “slices”. This reduces the risk of motion artifacts, improves image quality, and reduces patient radiation exposure.
• Low radiation dose: Advanced image processing techniques, such as iterative reconstruction and the use of low-dose protocols, reduce the radiation dose needed to obtain high-quality images.
• Accurate diagnostics: High resolution and scanning speed enable precise diagnostics.
• Patient comfort: Faster scanning reduces the time spent in the scanner, improving patient comfort and reducing anxiety.

What is CT angiography of the lower extremities – legs?

CT angiography of the lower extremity – leg is a diagnostic procedure that uses X-rays and contrast medium to visualize the blood vessels of the lower extremities, including the arteries that supply blood to the legs.

Before the examination, the patient is usually given contrast medium through a venous catheter, and then placed on a movable table in the CT scanner. The scanner emits X-rays through the patient’s legs, and sensors on the other side of the scanner record the amount of radiation passing through the tissues and convert it into digital images that are processed into 2D or 3D images on the computer.

When is CT angiography of the lower extremity performed?

CT angiography of the lower extremity can be performed when there is suspicion of narrowing or blockages of the leg’s blood vessels, such as thrombosis, emboli, or atherosclerosis. This procedure can also help monitor treatment progress and assess postoperative conditions.

Advantages and disadvantages

CT angiography of the lower extremity has several advantages over traditional angiography, which involves inserting a catheter into an artery in the inguinal region or foot. CT angiography is less invasive and has fewer side effects. Additionally, the procedure is fast and precise in displaying large parts of the leg’s blood vessels and their branches, which is useful in diagnosing vascular diseases.

However, like all medical procedures, CT angiography of the lower extremity may have disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages is the patient’s exposure to ionizing radiation, which can be harmful in some cases. The contrast medium can also cause allergic reactions and other side effects.

Patient preparation

It is important that patients and doctors carefully consider all advantages and disadvantages of CT angiography of the lower extremity to make informed decisions about the best diagnostic and treatment approach.

Before the actual CT angiography imaging, it is necessary to have a conversation with the doctor or engineer and check if the patient has known allergies or has had an allergic reaction to contrast medium, if taking medications such as metformin, antibiotics, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, if has diagnosed heart problems, asthma, diabetes, kidney diseases, or has undergone organ transplantation. Female patients should inform the doctor or technician if they are pregnant or if there is a possibility of pregnancy. Due to the contrast medium used during the examination, it is desirable not to intake fluids or food for several hours before imaging.