Breast Cytological Puncture (FNA) Under Ultrasound Guidance

Cytological puncture of the breast, also known as fine needle aspiration (FNA), under ultrasound control is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure employed to obtain cells from suspicious breast lesions for cytological examination. This technique enables precise targeting of palpable or non-palpable breast changes under real-time ultrasound visualization.

When is Breast FNA Under Ultrasound Performed?

This procedure is indicated for patients with:

• Palpable breast nodules or masses
• Suspicious findings on breast ultrasound, mammography, or MRI
• Abnormalities detected during breast screening
• Need for cytological verification prior to surgical intervention

How is the Procedure Conducted?

The patient lies supine with the arm raised above the head. The physician disinfects the skin over the lesion and applies ultrasound gel. Under continuous ultrasound guidance, a thin needle (usually 21-25 gauge) is inserted into the target area. Cells are aspirated using gentle suction, and the material is immediately smeared onto glass slides or placed in preservative solution for laboratory analysis. The entire procedure typically lasts 10-20 minutes and is performed on an outpatient basis.

Advantages of Ultrasound-Guided FNA

• High accuracy in targeting small or deep lesions
• Real-time visualization minimizing risk of sampling error
• Minimal patient discomfort
• Low complication rate
• Rapid results guiding further management

Potential Complications

Though rare, possible complications include minor bleeding, hematoma formation, infection, or vasovagal reaction. Patients are monitored briefly post-procedure.

Post-Procedure Care

Patients may resume normal activities immediately. Avoid strenuous arm movements for 24 hours. Results are usually available within 2-5 days, informing decisions on surveillance, biopsy, or treatment.

This procedure enhances diagnostic precision, aiding timely breast health management.