Urinary Tract Ultrasound

Urinary tract ultrasound (lower abdomen) is a non-invasive, painless, and highly useful diagnostic method enabling assessment of the anatomy and function of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and prostate (in males).

This method employs high-frequency sound waves to depict the urinary system in real time, without radiation exposure. Consequently, it is entirely safe and suitable for all ages, including children and pregnant women.

When is Urinary Tract Ultrasound Needed?

Urinary tract ultrasound is recommended in the following cases:

Pain in the lower back (lumbar region), potentially indicating kidney stones or inflammation
Frequent urinary tract infections
Changes in urination: frequent, difficult, or painful urination, presence of blood in urine
Swelling of the face, legs, or periorbital area
Suspicion of kidney or ureteral stones
Monitoring status in individuals with chronic kidney disease
Evaluation of cysts, tumors, and other renal changes
Issues with urine retention or sensation of incomplete bladder emptying

How the Examination Appears

The examination lasts approximately 20 to 30 minutes, is painless, and requires no special preparation in terms of physical activity. The patient lies supine while the physician, using an ultrasound probe with gel applied to the skin, examines the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and prostate (in males).

Preparation for the Examination

For optimal urinary bladder visibility, the patient must attend the examination with a full bladder. An empty bladder may compromise image quality and reduce assessment precision. It is advised to abstain from urination for at least 1–2 hours prior and drink 3–4 glasses of water approximately 45–60 minutes before the scheduled appointment.

What Can Ultrasound Reveal?

Stones or sand in the kidneys and ureters
Cysts, tumors, and other structural renal changes
Ureteral dilatations (hydronephrosis)
Bladder wall thickening or alterations
Post-micturition urine residual
Structural or congenital urinary system anomalies

Advantages of Urinary Tract Ultrasound

Painless and safe method
No radiation exposure
Rapid and accessible diagnostics
Repeatable without risk
Provides insight into anatomical and functional urinary system changes